A DMR trunking site contains various architecture, such as base
stations, Ethernet switches and transmitting or receiving antennas, and
depending on the site, you may also find routers, power supply and power
distribution equipment.
The base stations at a site provide the RF interface to the radios using
the network. At each site, there is one control channels and a number of
traffic channels. Each base station provides two “logical” channels each time sharing the full 12.5 kHz
bandwidth.
In DMR Tier 3, there are two main architectural types. The first uses
central control, the second uses distributed management of resources.
In centralised control systems, powerful computers are employed to
control and switch voice and data packets between sites. These computers are
called nodes. In a centralized control model, we have a number of nodes
connecting sites together to form Wide Area Networks. A DMR Network can consist
of just a single site or a single channel which can carry out all of the
trunking requirement of DMR Tier 3.
In a DMR network, every site has the ability to operate independently.
If the link from a central controller fails, the site can carry on and switch
voice traffic and data only for radios registered at that site. In a
distributed model, each site in the network has the capability of switching and
controlling voice traffic between the sites. If we have multiple sites, we may
employ multiple nodes. This allows for redundancy and a sharing of switching
between the two nodes. In extremely large networks, it is possible to have up
to 10, 15, 20 node controllers sharing the workload.
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