Digital vs. Analog

If you are use to operating on analog FM repeaters, you will have noticedthat the audio quality degrades as a station’s signal into the repeater(uplink) gets weaker; you start hearing an increase in noise burstsintermixed with the audio until the signal gets so weak that the stationcan no long access the repeater or you can not understand the audiobecause of noise. As you move further from the repeater you will starthearing the same noise bursts into your receiver as the repeater’s signalgets weaker (downlink) until you can no longer hear the repeater. A combination of a station’s weak signal into a repeater and a repeater’sweak signal to the listener can make the usability degrade faster.

The basic difference with digital repeaters is that the audio quality    remains the same on the uplink and downlink until the very end of thecoverage range; then the audio starts sounding broken (missing portions  of the speech) on DMR systems caused by lost packets. The Internet can   also drop the UDP packets used for moving traffic between repeaters and   bridges, causing the same broken audio affect. Analog static is a thing of   the past using DMR.

DMR has Forward Error Correction (FEC) which can correct small bit   errors, slightly extending the usable range and improving communication   quality.    Better quality receivers can operate at a lower noise floor, higher power transmitters, and higher gain antenna systems will also extend coverage    both analog and digital systems.

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